Social Security Program Issues Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Government managed savings Program Issues - Research Paper Example Governments, especially in the created nations, are spending enormous measure of assets on the standardized savings programs offered to their residents (Gruber and Wise). These government managed savings programs give wellbeing offices, pay support if there should be an occurrence of joblessness, instruction offices to the posterity and now and again, unique endowments and rewards during national celebrations and so forth. The offices are for the most part offered to the jobless, truly crippled because of mishaps and so forth and senior residents who have resigned from their employments. History: Human creatures have consistently confronted financial vulnerabilities activated by war, disaster, starvation, physical handicap and mature age. Various customs have been created by people since old occasions to manage the effect of such monetary unrest. The most widely recognized and clear is the loading of food and assets during the times of exceptional returns so they can be used later wh en required. The proof of capacity of grain can be found from the archeological revelations about Mesopotamian, Egyptian and Indus Valley Civilizations. The Greeks used to stock olive oil which could later be utilized as a food in intense occasions and as a cash too to purchase different products in return of the oil. Generally, servitude between families has existed that respects the senior individuals from the family. It puts duty on the more youthful, increasingly enthusiastic individuals to deal with the necessities of the individuals who are in their declining years. Also, the idea of good cause has existed in people since times obscure and in reality is a piece of human instinct. The foundations of noble cause as we probably am aware them today (medical clinics, mature age homes and so on.) have likewise existed since the later times of Roman realms and the Islamic domains of Arabia and Egypt. The rich and wealthy portions of society offer money related help for food, wellbein g and safe house for the poor particularly the old or handicapped. This type of government managed savings assumes a significant job even today in the majority of the created and immature nations. Consequently, the customary methods for government managed savings are the idea of noble cause, the family structure, and the capacity assets for sometime later (US Social Security Administration). The first historically speaking appearance of formal establishments with the target of giving standardized savings to its individuals were the worker's organizations or societies that showed up in the medieval occasions. The fundamental target of these associations was to improve the state of work through ability advancement and profitability upgrade (Stephen). Nonetheless, by time these societies formed into associations that offered money related help to its older or jobless individuals in a tough situation. These social orders took progressively formal structure in the USA with appropriate ti tles, for example, Freemasons, Fraternal Order of Eagles and so on (US Social Security Administration). As the law based governments turned out to be all the more remarkable in the humanized world, new projects for open government assistance discovered their way in to the administration approaches. The purported ‘Poor Laws’ proclaimed in England are the main record of enactment which takes after the government disability program as we probably am aware it today (Sutherland). These laws expressed that it was state’s obligation to think about the prosperity of its residents. They additionally put forward a tax assessment instrument to offer money related help for a government assistance program and furthermore characterized the qualification models for the recipients of this program. In spite of the fact that

Historical and Geographical Dynamics That Had Shaped China by the End of World War II

Chronicled and Geographical Dynamics That Had Shaped China before the End of World War II Presentation Development is exceptionally cherished on the planet since it demonstrates significant changes that occur inside a given timeframe. It is a key segment to a country’s financial, social, and political status. In China, the term advancement came into utilization after a harsh period when the European pilgrim powers had taken pre-distinction in most different states, along these lines controlling the monetary, political, just as social viewpoints. The apocalypse War II was made conceivable by the commencement of the alleged advancement forms in the countries that had been engaged with the quick wars, i.e., the usage of approaches that would assist with completion wars just as those which could forestall the event of other comparable wars. Notwithstanding, the improvement was conceivable in light of the nearness of certain recorded and topographical powers that undeniably formed numerous countries toward the apocalypse wars. Chronicled forms are those that can charact erize why certain domains/regions declined or slanted, the monetary, political and social procedures that occurred at a specific opportunity to cause change, just as the significance of certain people who assumed significant jobs in the development.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Historical and Geographical Dynamics That Had Shaped China before the End of World War II explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Geographical elements speak to the parts of the human environmental factors that primarily rely upon time, which are impacted by individuals in their exercises. What's more, they influence a similar individuals who impact them in one manner or the other. In china, there happened various procedures ever, which made it fall during the universal wars; however a straightforward change in similar procedures caused significant advancements in all viewpoints (Zhang, 197). The accompanying paper is composed with a goal of exploring into the procedures in history and geology that drove in the forming of the nation after the World War II. Furthermore, it tries to set up the commitment of these authentic and land elements in arranging the stage for improvement. For a compact comprehension of the idea of hypothesis and improvement, it is likewise critical to contemplate the procedure into which China was consolidated into the worldwide economy during the period when the colonialists attacked and involved different domains, just as in the primary portion of the twentieth century. Increasingly finished, it is considered urgent to set up the gatherings that practiced monetary and political strength during the frontier time frame just as the impact they had on the conservative and political angles. At last, it will give a knowledge of the sort of connections that existed between unmistakable gatherings and classes that were available during the pioneer time frame just as the commitments of the connections assisted with reshaping the mone tary, social and political viewpoints in china (Zhang, 142). Authentic and geological elements that molded China before the finish of World War II The chronicled and land parts of a nation are extremely critical in each type of improvement. The universal wars took huge ways that destroyed each sort of political, social, and monetary association of China. The advancement procedure therefore required the execution of very new procedures and strategies that would thoroughly change the period of the nation. China, having been an advancement cognizant nation even before the war decades was set to reestablish each financial, social, and political structure so as to make space for change and at last form into an incredible state. Advancement was along these lines formed by the transaction of various political, social, and financial powers that were in bounty at the hour of expansionism just as during the period when the world war two was finishing (Riskin, 14).Advertising Looking for artic le on history? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The social powers at play during the provincial time frame and toward the apocalypse War II impacted the country’s advancement. Some time before the universal war, China’s social framework was set apart by a sort of a slave society, with classes of individuals depending n the financial and political status. There were those alluded to as the amazing elites, white collar class and low class, who generally were captives to the ones in power. Relations were very poor between the subordinate and ground-breaking gatherings and the white collar class. People with significant influence were in control of the monetary property, while there existed a class of individuals who were property less, along these lines inclining toward the ground-breaking for straightforward employments to a state of some turning out to be slaves. The frontier time frame was likewise set apart by an infringement of culture among the individuals where the colonialists attempted to impart their own way of life to the indigenous individuals (Zhang, 166). The financial powers were for the most part represented by uncontrolled private enterprise. The ground-breaking and the subordinate individuals possessed a ton of property while the working class individuals claimed next to no to practically nothing. Also, property was possessed secretly and chiefly constrained by the business people; subsequently, dominion angles had taken pre-distinction. The activity depended on a market economy that is free, where no administration control was in activity yet business people controlling it in all manners just as people with great influence particularly the colonialists. All including the budgetary establishments had a place with the business people, and no guidelines set up for the control of the economy. There was also no defined limit with regards to what degree the colonialists/radicals co uld control the land; however it was up to them since the indigenous government and its kin had been mistreated to a degree of giving up everything. Despite the fact that the economy was controlled, the Chinese government just as the residents was not as quiet since the universal war happened because of obstruction so as to clear path for improvement (Riskin, 14). The political powers that represented the nation impacted the Chinese employment and government. The indigenous political set up and structure was not, at this point practical due to imperialists’ intrusion at move in the direction of the twentieth century. A chosen parliament on brought together premise was administered chiefly by business people, overlooking the absolutism thought. Overall testimonial had become an uncommon resource, however the majority rules system dependent on private enterprise might be reached out to the whole populace. Different techniques were utilized by industrialists to control governmen t acts in all manners, along these lines disregarding the country’s majority rules system in all angles (Howarth, 236).Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Historical and Geographical Dynamics That Had Shaped China before the End of World War II explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Contributions of the elements in setting the stage commitment with Development The thus talked about powers helped in making way for advancement in China toward the finish of World War II. The social disintegration that had existed made attention to the indigenous individuals that harmony and solidarity was urgent being developed. It had been trying in the way that social classes existed, yet this at long last became quality since before the finish of World War II, the Chinese individuals found the force in solidarity of a people, grasped communism, and dissolved a class framework to get one. Unity empowered them to set up strategies that assisted with interceding in the frontier rule and cultivated improvement in all manners (Hershatter, 128). Furthermore, the political elements where business people were in charge of the legislature had effectively a set up framework, which made it feasible for the intercession strategies to work best. The solidarity through communism empowered the Chinese individuals to catch the legislature during the World War II and utilized the equivalent to advocate for advancement before setting up another. It was anything but difficult to overcome the colonialists, start their own procedures, and use them for advancement that couldn't be effectively destroyed by the colonialists. Progressively finished, on the acknowledgment that it was conceivable to grow together, all the social classes canceled and this made a feeling of having a place with all in the land. The incredible who had initially possessed huge property understood the significance of sharing, along these lines advancement moved in the direction of destr oying the possibility of private proprietorship, to clear route for mutual responsibility for. At first, workers were paid poor wages yet this made it feasible for them to partake in the improvement procedure to guarantee the finish of mistreatment. It was additionally feasible for improvement in the market economy where it was not, at this point free, however in charge of the administration. The social, practical and the political set up during the subsequent universal war was critical in the recognizable proof of the flourishing shortcomings at that point, and made space for amendment. Absence of the powers would have thwarted improvement in that it would not have been conceivable to distinguish the shortcomings, which went about as the reason for advancement (Hershatter, 133) Integration into the world economy during the frontier time frame, and up through the main portion of the twentieth century The pilgrim time frame was extremely vital for the nation, since it was workable fo r the nation to be incorporated on the planet economy, however it had negative impacts (Glass, 2).Advertising Searching for exposition on history? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More The country’s regular assets turned into an instrument for improvement as they all anticipated adventure them for their financial development and joining into the world economy. The Chinese individuals are constantly dedicated to the best outcomes, and simultaneously, the land has various exploitable assets that are of

Diploma in leadership and management In Health Essay

Dementia is brought about by harm in the mind, and is portrayed by memory misfortune and troubles with intuition, critical thinking, development co-appointment or language. It can likewise make an individual become disorientated in existence and to encounter mental trips, a decrease in relational abilities and character changes. These manifestations likewise make it hard for individuals withâ dementia to learn new things and hold recently obtained data. The most widely recognized reason for dementia is Alzheimer’s malady, which is dynamic. Proteins develop in the mind, framing â€Å"plaques† or â€Å"tangles†. These reason the loss of associations among cells, and in the end nerve cells bite the dust and mind tissue is lost. Individuals with Alzheimer’s malady likewise need more synapses, which are synthetic compounds used to transmit messages. Vascular dementia is brought about by a scope of ailment of the blood gracefully to the cerebrum. Atherosclerosis is when greasy stores develop in vein dividers. This makes them solidify and slender, diminishing blood stream to the mind. At the point when synapses don't get the oxygen and supplements they need, they begin to kick the bucket. Pick’s ailment or frontotemporal dementia is brought about by nerve cells in the frontal or potentially worldly flaps passing on. The associations between these cells change, and there is lost synapses. After some time, the frontal as well as worldly flaps contract. Lewy bodies are little round protein structures in the nerve cells of the cerebrum. The reason for these or how they cause dementia is obscure. There is additionally lost synapses, and after some time, the nerve cells logically bite the dust and mind tissue is lost. Individuals with dementia experience various sorts of memory weakness. A decrease in memory implies that individuals will frequently battle to review ongoing occasions or overlook messages, courses or names. They may rehash themselves or pose similar inquiries more than once. They may overlook how to get things done, for example, how to utilize cutlery, tie shoelaces, get dressed or play chess. Troubles finding the correct word, or understanding the importance of words, can influence correspondence. Losing the capacity to peruse or to decipher signs, just as the individual being not able to comprehend what others are stating can bigly affect correspondence. Losing perusing and composing aptitudes impacts on speaking with others, yet can likewise prompt disarray. Individuals with dementia may no longer comprehend the typical progression of discussion and might hinder or overlook individuals. Changes in conduct are normal in individuals with dementia. They may rehash an action again and again, pace all over, or chase after individuals. Now and again individuals with dementia can yell, shout, or become genuinely forceful. They can get fretful and may wake up during the night. A need ofâ inhibition can imply that someone with dementia may disrobe improperly, be discourteous or show unseemly sexual conduct. Individuals with dementia may stow away and lose their assets. They may be likewise dubious of others, feeling that someone has taken an article they have lost, for instance. Individuals with dementia can battle with mental procedures, for example, thinking. This can prompt disarray and trouble with numerous regular errands. Being not able to weigh up the entirety of the realities to settle on a reasonable choice can hugy affect a person’s life. Numerous individuals with dementia will lose aptitudes which they used to have, regardless of whether this be playing an instrument, driving or designing. Capacities of individuals with dementia can change everyday. For instance, they may have the option to perceive a relative a few days, yet not others. Now and again they may have the option to compose, though different days they may not. Dementia can influence the zones of the cerebrum liable for parity and development, causing development challenges. Individuals with dementia may walk all the more gradually, be just ready to stroll for short separations, or battle to get up from seats. They may require backing to walk, or utilize a stick or a wheelchair. Individuals with dementia may think that its hard to stroll outside or on lopsided surfaces and might be frightful of steps or reluctant while strolling through entryways. Upgrades including contact, light, warmth and sound waves are contribution through the tangible organs. This data is encoded into our memory framework by the cerebrum. Data can be encoded as far as what a printed word resembles, what a word seems like, or what the word implies. This data at that point must be kept up. This is thought to occur in working memory (when data is put away for a limit of 20 seconds) by electrical signs going through neurons in a circle. The hippocampus and the frontal cortex channel the data and choose if it will be put away in long haul memory. Assuming this is the case, it is believed to be put away in certain proteins. The data is put away in various pieces of the mind, however we don't know precisely how this functions. To review a memory, the data must be recovered. This isâ triggered by a recovery sign. The mind recreates the memory, assembling what may have occurred by recovering the data that the cerebrum put away and could review. Recollections can be recreated erroneously, and this can be impacted by the recovery signal, (for example, a main inquiry). In individuals with dementia, the hippocampus might be harmed. This can make it significantly more hard for the individual to learn new data or to shape new recollections. The individual probably won't recollect what they did before on that day, or they may overlook what they have said minutes prior, making them rehash themselves. The hippocampus is utilized when recollections are recovered, especially recollections which were framed all the more as of late. This is the reason numerous individuals with dementia despite everything have their beloved recollections yet can't recall what they have done that day. At the point when harm spreads through the cerebrum, for example, in individuals with Alzheimer’s malady, more territories in the mind become influenced. The mind gradually shrivels and prior recollections are lost. The left half of the globe is answerable for semantic memory (the significance of words) and language, so when it is harmed, the individual may battle to locate the correct words. The worldly projections coordinate visual contribution with recollections of past encounters, so when this is harmed, the individual may battle to perceive natural faces and articles. In some cases, an individual with Alzheimer’s malady may know who the recognizable individual is once they hear their voice, since hearing pathways are independent. At the point when a person’s right parietal projection is harmed, they may battle to pass judgment on separations, causing issues with exploring steps, for instance. The harm can spread to the frontal flaps, causing someone with Alzheimer’s illness to battle with arranging, association and dynamic. This may incorporate issues with assignments, for example, following another formula. In individuals with Alzheimer’s infection, numerous capacities are not lost, particularly abilities took in quite a while prior. Abilities, for example, playing an instrument rely upon procedural recollections, which are put away profound inside the mind. These abilities are frequently kept up for quite a while in individuals with Alzheimer’s ailment. Individuals with vascular dementia show a more extensive scope of side effects than different kinds of dementia. At times a stroke can cause vascular dementia, if theâ blood gracefully to the mind is unexpectedly cut off and an enormous region of tissue on one side of the cerebrum passes on. The individual may battle with arranging, concentrating, thinking, or with their memory. They may likewise have issues with discourse or vision, or have shortcoming on one side of the body. A few smaller than normal strokes can likewise prompt vascular dementia, every one causing a little fix of cerebrum tissue in the cortex to kick the bucket. The side effects rely upon where the tissue is lost. On the off chance that this is in the hippocampus, the individual may have issues with their rambling memory (individual recollections of explicit occasions). Harm in the frontal flap can cause troubles with official capacity (critical thinking, defining objectives, deciding, and following groupings to finish undertakings). This may mean the individual battles to make cheddar on toast, for instance, since they can't sort out what they have to do. Vascular dementia can likewise follow a few small scale strokes after some time. Every short stroke makes a little fix of dead mind tissue, called an infarct, in the cortex. Early manifestations can be unmistakable to where the tissue is lost. For instance, issues with long winded memory can be brought about by an infarct in the hippocampus, and issues with official capacity can be brought about by an infarct in the frontal flap. At the point when an individual has frontotemporal dementia, their fleeting as well as frontal flaps shrivel. Harm to explicit territories causes various issues. The individual may get pulled back and lose inspiration, or they may lose their restraints. This could make them take their garments off improperly, or offer wrong remarks. At the point when the frontal flaps are harmed, the individual may rehash themselves continually. Individuals with dementia with Lewy bodies have less shrinkage of the cerebrum than individuals with Alzheimer’s illness or frontotemporal dementia. The Lewy bodies structure in the cerebral cortex, cerebrum stem and limbic framework. Basic early indications are issues with consideration and vision. Lewy bodies in the mind stem can likewise cause troubles with development. Here and there individuals can have different conditions which may cause side effects like those of dementia. Melancholy can mean the person’s state of mind is irritable,â sad or miserable. They may be disturbed, eager, or tired with no vitality. They may lose intrigue or delight in exercises that they used to appreciate. At times misery can cause unsettling influences in rest, as early waking, alongside memory or fixation issues. It can make an individual eat excessively or excessively little, to have a throbbing painfulness with no physical reason, or t

Positive Experience of Failure Essays - Failure, Maintenance

Positive Experience of Failure Would failure be able to be a positive encounter? Disappointment is a negative outcome at the same time, it additionally has a positive encounter. Numerous individuals had numerous encounters which they were certain and negative until they became effective . We ought to gain from our disappointments, concede them and even grasp them. You won't learn in the event that you wear' t attempt to come up short. Disappointment experience can prompt three positive encounters. To begin with, f ailure causes you to get the hang of accomplishing your objectives. Thomas Edison said that he hadn't field in his hundred of endeavors to make the light. It's not generally negative experience when you neglect to get the outcomes you need yet, it's a chance to s tart again or attempt another technique. Disappointment will give you exercises you ought to figure out how to get your points. Second, f ailure gives you the most obvious opportunity to progress. In spite of the fact that my most seasoned sibling flopped in the last test in secondary school for one time, he didn't surrender. He concentrated hard and went to Saba college. Subsequent to graduating as the first in quite a while major, he has gotten a decent situation as a product designing in Dubai. There's continually something to gain from disappointment experience and numerous n ew openings are accessible to accomplish your fantasies. At long last, f ailure can be motivation to push you forward. At the point when you attempt to accomplish something and come up short, you will never be the individual you were you begun the way. You will build up your capacity and aptitudes however ,If you abstain from seeking after points and dreams on the grounds that the dread of disappointment you will never recognize what you can do. Disappointment can push you to another development level. Albeit numerous individuals feel that disappointment is a negative encounter that can make them baffled and this dissatisfaction will consistently stop them to be open for new understanding. It very well may be some of the time. Notwithstanding, in the event that you don't bomb you won't learn, know your capacity or drive yourself to new level. Numerous fruitful researchers had bombed commonly before they arrived at their objectives and demonstrated for us that disappointment helped them to an extreme. Truth be told, Fai bait can be motivation to progress, go ahead with new aptitudes and capacity and an opportunity to accomplish what you need. Nobody was brought into the world with information. We should contemplate the disappointment encounter and gain from it.

Essay on Stereotyping and Prejudice against Older People

Exposition on Stereotyping and Prejudice against Older People Exposition on Stereotyping and Prejudice against Older People Exposition on Stereotyping and Prejudice against Older PeopleRelations between individuals in any general public, in whenever period and nation are difficult, rather adaptable and refined procedure, shockingly not denied of various generalizations and sorts of segregation. In the year 1969 Robert Neil Butler utilized the term â€Å"ageism† in connection with oppression senior individuals. As indicated by him ageism introduced a blend of three constituent components: â€Å"prejudicial perspectives towards more established individuals, mature age, and the maturing procedure; unfair practices against more seasoned individuals; and institutional practices and arrangements that sustain generalizations about more established people† (Iversen, Larsen and Solem 4). Further in this paper the thought of ageism will be talked about in detail, mulling over its idea, ageist perspectives lastly conceivable pessimistic effects, it may have upon old people.In request to have more clear comprehension of the key idea, it is important to give a solid definition to the thought of ageism, therefore usually â€Å"ageism is characterized as adverse or constructive generalizations, preference and additionally victimization (or to the upside of) older individuals based on their ordered age or based on a view of them as being old or elderly† (Iversen, Larsen and Solem 20). Anyway there are cases, when this term is utilized according to more youthful youngsters or teenagers, which means, that their thoughts are not objective in light of their young age and their conduct isn't right, since they are too young.Such idea as ageist generalizing is normally portrayed as arrangement into certain gatherings and giving certain qualities to these gatherings of individuals. Shockingly most generalizations are deficient with regards to confirmations and are excessively summed up, as for instance the announcement, that all individuals, who are getting more seasoned, have unexpect ed frailty.  The preference, that more seasoned individuals can't partake in certain exercises or sports is firmly identified with the main model about awful wellbeing state. Another case of generalizing or ageist partialities is the so â€called kind bias, which implies, that old individuals are viewed as bumbling and continually requiring support. From one viewpoint, individuals attempt to be well disposed towards maturing individuals, then again, they a sort of stifle them, yet their steady, once in a while pointless help.Most representatives are searching for experienced laborers, not to show them all the idiosyncrasies of the work; simultaneously, a large portion of them need to have just youthful and lively workers and in this manner regularly dismiss new specialists, who are more established, just dependent on the preference, that they would play out their laborer increasingly slow less flexible.One of the most exceedingly awful partialities is likely identified with th e medicinal services circle, as there are tragically a great deal of models, when doctors don’t give appropriate consideration to their patients, just dependent on their age.This is clear, that ageism has genuine contrary impacts upon old individuals. Hearing all the previously mentioned generalizations consistently, from a great many people around, shockingly, more established individuals truly begin to feel themselves not skillful, not obviously thinking, depending, valuable individuals from the general public. â€Å"Studies have likewise explicitly indicated that when more seasoned and more youthful individuals hear these generalizations about their alleged inadequacy and futility, they perform more regrettable on proportions of ability and memory† (Nelson 13). Surely some solid characters can conquer those generalizations and live the way they, need to and do the things, they like to do, without giving a lot of consideration to others’ opinions.Overall, we h ave contemplated the idea of ageism, its definition, ageism-related generalizations and the adverse effect, which these generalizations and biases have upon old individuals in any general public.

Depression With Mixed Features Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Depression With Mixed Features Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment Depression Types Print An Overview of Depressive Disorder With Mixed Features By Nancy Schimelpfening Nancy Schimelpfening, MS is the administrator for the non-profit depression support group Depression Sanctuary. Nancy has a lifetime of experience with depression, experiencing firsthand how devastating this illness can be. Learn about our editorial policy Nancy Schimelpfening Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 04, 2020 Depression Overview Types Symptoms Causes & Risk Factors Diagnosis Treatment Coping ADA & Your Rights Depression in Kids martin-dm / Getty Images In This Article Table of Contents Expand Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Coping View All Depressive disorder with mixed features (also referred to as mixed episode, mixed state, or agitated depression?? ) is a mood disorder in which a person has symptoms of both depression and mania or hypomania at the same time.??   When it was first introduced, the diagnosis of major depressive disorder with mixed features (MDD-MX) was met with skepticism?? and remains controversial?? among some researchers and clinicians.   However, in 2013, MDD-MX was included in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and has begun to gain acceptance. Symptoms Researchers have come to believe that mood disorders exist on a continuum from depression to mania;?? pure depression is thought to be much less common and some researchers consider it rare.?? In general, a person who has one of these conditions experiences symptoms across the spectrum but tends to lean more toward one end than the other.  ?? As they are trying to make a diagnosis, your doctor will ask you about where your symptoms typically fall on the spectrum. This will help them distinguish between depression and bipolar disorder. People who have depression with mixed features usually experience mostly depressive symptoms, but may have certain manic symptoms (such as racing thoughts) as well.?? To be diagnosed with major depressive disorder, you must have experienced certain symptoms every day for at least the past two weeks or longer.   Classic features of depression include low mood and decreased interest or pleasure in activities you typically enjoy. However, to be diagnosed with depression, you must also have at least four of the following symptoms:?? Fatigue, loss of energy and motivationFeeling worthless, ashamed, or guiltyInability to fall asleep or sleeping too muchTroubling thinking, focusing, and concentratingLosing or gaining weight, eating more or less than usualPsychomotor agitation (pacing, restlessness) or retardation (sluggish thought or movement)Recurrent thoughts of death/dying, suicidal ideation or attempts If your doctor feels you meet the criteria for a diagnosis of depression, the next step will be to determine whether you are also experiencing symptoms of hypomania or mania, such as:?? Elevated moodInflated self-esteemDecreased need for sleepRacing thoughts or flight of ideasBeing talkative or chatty, pressured speechIncreased energy or goal-directed activityParticipation in activities that may feel good at the moment but can have potentially serious consequences (i.e., excessive alcohol use, risky sexual behaviors, impulsive spending, etc.) If you have experienced at least three symptoms of hypomania or mania almost every day for the past two weeks of your current depressive episode, your doctor will add the specifier with mixed features to your depression diagnosis.??   Understanding Mania and Hypomania Causes The specific causes of depression with mixed features are unclear and not well understood.?? As with other types of depression, researchers suspect there are a number of different factors that contribute to the development of the MDD-MX, including an individual’s family history, genetics, environment, and other health conditions.   While MDD-MX can be difficult to diagnose, research has suggested it’s fairly common:?? As many as 25% of people with unipolar depression may have mixed episodes. Since the condition can easily be misdiagnosed as bipolar disorder, the number of people who have depression with mixed features may, in fact, be much higher.??   In the past, differentiating between depression with mixed episodes and bipolar disorder was much more challenging for clinicians.?? Recent updates to diagnostic guidelines that consider the subtleties of each condition have been helpful.?? Continued research into the factors that contribute to depression, such as environmental exposure and genetics, are also giving researchers a better understanding. Why Some People Are More Prone to Depression Diagnosis It can be very challenging to diagnose depression with mixed features. For a long time, mental health professionals were taught that the presence of manic symptoms meant a person had bipolar, rather than unipolar, depression.   While mania or hypomania is still part of the fundamental diagnostic criteria for bipolar disorder, it is now also understood that people with depression may also experience these symptomsâ€"albeit to a lesser degree.??   The classic signs and symptoms of major depression may be relatively easy to spot, but subtle episodes of mania or hypomania may go undetectedâ€"both by the person with the condition and the doctors treating them.?? How to Tell If Youve Had a Manic Episode A person with symptoms of hypomania or mania and depression may initially be misdiagnosed with bipolar disorder. While the conditions may look (and at times feel) the same, there are some important distinctionsâ€"especially when it comes to treatment. A correct diagnosis is necessary to ensure someone with either condition is able to access the most effective type of treatment.   Obvious similarities between mixed episodes of depression and bipolar disorder, such as shared symptoms, might be clear to doctors and researchers but these conditions may also share risk factors (like a family history of mental illness).   Doctors must carefully consider all the information as they are formulating a diagnosis, as only looking at symptoms can be misleading.?? The consequences of being diagnosed with the wrong mood disorder can have a major impact on someone’s life.??   According to the DSM-5, the with mixed features specifier can be added to a diagnosis of major depressive disorder to indicate that a person has symptoms of both depression and mania but doesn’t quite meet the diagnostic criteria for a diagnosis of bipolar disorder. Research has indicated that compared to those with depression, people who experience mixed episodes are more likely to misuse substances?? and are at an increased risk for suicide?? â€"yet another reason why getting a correct diagnosis is important.   Treatment After being diagnosed with depressive disorder with mixed features, your doctor or psychiatrist will discuss treatment options with you. The first option may be therapy, medication, or both. Though there are similarities between depression with mixed features and bipolar disorder, the two conditions can differ quite a bit in how they respond to treatmentâ€"especially medications.?? It’s important to know that this form of depression may not respond wellâ€"or at allâ€"to treatment with antidepressant medications alone.?? It’s also important to know that a diagnosis of depressive disorder with mixed features in and of itself is a significant risk factor for eventually developing bipolar disorder.?? When you and your doctor are creating a treatment plan, you will need to consider this risk.   To help with manic symptoms, your doctor may also prescribe an atypical antipsychotic such as:   Saphris (asenapine)Latuda (lurasidone)Zyprexa (olanzapine)Seroquel (quetiapine)Geodon (ziprasidone) You may also be given a mood stabilizer like lithium or Depakote (divalproex) instead of, or in addition to, an antidepressant. Small studies in people with depression and mixed episodes have demonstrated that these medications may be helpful when given in doses lower than would be used for bipolar disorder.??   Some people who have depression with mixed features have trouble sleeping or feel especially agitated during periods of mania/hypomania. Your doctor may prescribe  sedatives to help with these symptoms, such as: Valium (diazepam)Xanax (alprazolam)Ativan (lorazepam)Klonopin (clonazepam) Even if you are taking more than one medication, it may not be enough to effectively help manage symptoms of depression with mixed features.?? You may need to implement other types of treatment as well, such as psychotherapy or electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Coping For people who have MDD-MX, both the process of getting diagnosed and the demands of managing symptoms can become frustrating and overwhelming. If you have recently been diagnosed or are working with a doctor or mental health professional because you suspect you may have depressive disorder with mixed features, it’s important that you have the support you need.??   Begin to build your network of support with those around you at home, such as family members and friends, then reach out to your community (such as a church group or volunteer organization).   You may want to find specific support groups (in-person, online, or both) for people with depression, bipolar disorder, and other mood disorders.   If you’re not sure where to start, ask your doctor, psychiatrist, or therapist if they can point you toward local resources. You can also use the internet to search for social networks, forums, and patient advocacy networks. The Best Online Resources for Depression A Word From Verywell If you have depression with mixed features, you may share some experiences with someone who has been diagnosed with bipolar disorder. However, the conditions have some key differences that both you and your mental health care team need to be aware ofâ€"especially when deciding on treatment.  ?? The process can be frustrating, particularly if you are initially misdiagnosed with another mood disorder and not given a treatment that works well for you. That’s why it’s important to do your best to create and maintain a network of support around you.   Can Depression Turn Into Bipolar Disorder?

Evolution of Blond Hair - Free Essay Example

Blond Hair Blond hair color is more frequent in Europe than in any other part of the world. The estimated date of the genetic mutation that resulted in â€Å"blond† hair color was about 11,000 years ago during the last ice age. A typical explanation for the evolution of blond hair was the people of Northern Europe’s vitamin D absorption and synthesis. As Europeans were subjected to a seasonal deficiency of sunlight, which is required for vitamin D synthesis, they developed an adaptation for lighter skin. Light skin, which has a lower concentration of melanin pigmentation, allowed more sunlight to trigger the production of vitamin D. This light skin adaptation is thought to have caused the emergence of blond hair. Another valid hypothesis for the phenomenon was that blond hair evolved rapidly at a specific area at the end of the last ice age via sexual selection. The theory presents the possibility that the phenotypes of blond hair and blue eyes in some European women stood out from their adversaries in a time of competition for scarce males. According to the theory, this process of â€Å"sexual selection† spread to parts of Northern Europe, resulting in the modern predominance of light colored hair in those areas. Both the light skin adaptation and sexual selection hypotheses appear to be valid, but there is still debate over which one is actually responsible for the evolution of blond hair. All info. used in writing this paper originated from the Blond Hair article on Wikipedia.

The American Constitution And The Bill Of Rights - 1463 Words

The Enlightenment was an eighteenth century scholarly development moved in France that had enduring repercussions all through Europe and America. Addressing conventional teachings and qualities denoted the Enlightenment; there was a prominent propensity towards independence and accentuation on the thoughts of human advance. The American Constitution and the Bill of Rights are both results of the Enlightenment and thoughts of the philosophes, specifically John Locke. Thomas Hobbes and John Locke were both English philosophers,influential thinkers of the seventeenth century, both had confidence in a Social Contract and they both distributed books that were generally perused. Thomas Hobbes talked about and built up the social contract†¦show more content†¦In Locke s hypothesis any chose official who does not hold fast to the agreement ought to be expelled from office, by any methods fundamental, and supplanted with somebody who will respect every legitimate contract amongst individuals and government. John Locke and Thomas Hobbes each supported human instinct and government amid the seventeenth century. John Locke advanced a hopeful perspective of human instinct in which they lived under a legislature that ensured the privileges of the general population; Thomas Hobbes distributed his point of view of the human soul as negative, trusting the best way to battle its evilness by entire concealment under a flat out ruler.Locke had a positive perspective of human instinct, respected them in a condition of nature as animals of reason and fundamental goodwill. Locke censured abolitionism an administration that must be in charge of and receptive to the worries of the represented, enter the agreement to safeguard the common privileges of life, freedom, and property; the general population have the privilege to oust any administration who doesn t carry out their employment Thomas Hobbes was an English logician from Malmesbury. He wound up plainly acclaimed when his book, Leviathan, made the establishment of the political theory from the West. Hobbes could collect a few acknowledgments. He was the champion of absolutism for the sovereign. Not just that, he significantly contributed in various subjects.Show MoreRelatedBill Of Rights, The Center Of The American Constitution984 Words   |  4 Pages Bill of Rights Bill of rights, the center of the American constitution. The reason that why Bill of rights can be established is the anti federalist thought the constitution only stipulated that power from government, and the citizen can not get any power from it. In 1788, at the beginning of the United States, all the citizens want the freedom and democracy, then The â€Å"Bill of Rights† is here. The birth of the Bill of Rights, is the most basic principles of personalRead MoreThe Debate And Ratification Of The Constitution883 Words   |  4 PagesRatification of the Constitution The Constitution of the United States of America was ratified in 1789. It begins with, â€Å"We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.† The constitution was to serve basic rights to citizens, suchRead MoreThe Bill Of Rights Of The United States Constitution914 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is a bill of rights? What is an amendment? How are the different? A bill of rights is a formality such as the Declaration of Independence and it is the outline of what the citizens feel their born rights are as people of a union. An amendment is the changing or altering of a legal or civil document. Specifically amendments in the United States Constitution include the changing or detailing of what the people need. These two phrases differ in what their purposes are. The bill of rights was setRead MoreBill of Rights and Amendments1353 Words   |  6 PagesBill of Rights and Amendments Bill of Rights and Amendments The United States Constitution was recognized to Americans as a vague statement in clarifying the privileges and the rights of individuals and centralizing the power within the government itself. With the passing of the Bill of Rights and the first ten amendments, it grants the people to what is said to be their â€Å"natural rights† following additional rights that have significantly changed our society. Amendments and Constitution Read MoreCreation Of The Bill Of Rights920 Words   |  4 PagesCreation of the Bill of Rights and Amendments Colonists longed for a different type of government before, during, and after the Revolutionary War. Before the war, the power stayed within the hands of the King. Many years later, a document called the Articles of Confederation was created. The creation of the articles was one of the strategies taken to merge the colonies in becoming one nation. The articles were supposed to help the governmental problems at this point in time. However, this particularRead MoreHis/ 301 Bill of Rights Week 3859 Words   |  4 PagesBILL OF RIGHTS AND AMENDMENTS PAPER 1 Individual Assignment Bill of Rights and Amendments Paper April 2, 2013 HIS/301 Mr. De La Peà ±a BILL OF RIGHTS AND AMENDMENTS PAPER 2 Bill of Rights and Amendments Paper The United States Constitution was ratified and made law September 17, 1789. For Americas yet-to-be history the Framers knew the Constitution had to have a way to grow and change with the people, and their needs. This paper will coverRead MoreThe United States Bill Of Rights882 Words   |  4 PagesUnited States Bill of Rights was created in September 25, 1789 and ratified December 15, 1791. The Bill of Rights are the first ten amendments to the Constitution that were established to defend our rights as individuals and as American citizens. The Bill of Rights describes the rights of its people. The first four articles of the amendments deal specifically with the balance of power between the federal government and state government. There were some people who opposed to the Constitution because theyRead MoreThe Bill Of Rights And The Amendment Of The Constitution962 Words   |  4 Pagesincluded the Bill of rights that provided us with Freedom (Schweikart, 2004). The bill of rights was established so each citizen is equally treated and allowed to share their idea and not be disgraced for it (Bodenhamer, 1993). The first ten amendments to the constitution of the United States established basic American civil liberties (Schweikart, 2004). The Bill of rights and the amendments of the constitution were written about the same time by the same people. The Bill of Rights and amendmentsRead MoreGovernmental Foundation in the Declaration of Independence Essay867 Words   |  4 Pagesand assertions of human rights. The Declaration of Independence formed a profound foundation for the forefathers who wrote the United States of America Constitution and Bill of Rights and, therefore, the United States of America government. As the first clause of the United States of Americas Declaration of Independence reads, â€Å"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights that among these are LifeRead MoreBill of Rights1025 Words   |  5 PagesBill of Rights Amendments Paper Intro The United States is a country that was founded on the principle of freedom; it took the Bill of Rights to be added to the Constitution to guarantee citizens freedom. The Bill of Rights consists of the first ten amendments in the constitution; a document that outlines how the new American government would be created and operated. The Constitution was ratified in 1788 which was the start of protecting the interests of each citizen, two years later the

Administrative Ethics - 1259 Words

Find a current administrative issue in a newspaper, magazine, or journal article relating to topics such as patient privacy, confidentiality, or HIPAA. Write a 1,050 word paper that includes the following: †¢Describe the issue and its impact on the population it affects most. †¢What arguments or facts are used in the article to support the proposed solution? †¢What are the ethical and legal issues reported for your administrative issue? †¢Explain the managerial responsibilities related to administrative ethical issues. If none were stated, what should have been done? †¢Identify any proposed solutions. Include at least three sources in your paper. Administrative Ethics Name Institution The everyday†¦show more content†¦Policies need to be modified to ensure that personal health information is not leaked to social networking sites. This is the most vital tool for making any healthcare facility run properly and efficiently. References Dimick, C.(2010). Privacy Policy for Social Media. Retrieved from http://journal.ahimaorg/2010/01/06/social-media-policies Greysen, S. R. (2010)Online Professionalism and the Mirror of Social Media. Journal of Internal Medicine, 25(11), 1227. Retrieved from http://www.springerlink.com/content/2m13601666qn074g/abstract/ U.S. Department of Human and Health Services. (2011) Massachusetts General Hospital settles potential HIPAA violations. RetrievedShow MoreRelatedAdministrative Ethics1083 Words   |  5 PagesAdministrative Ethics Misty Sorensen HCS/335 August 19, 2012 Christine Singel Administrative Ethics Patient privacy is the responsibility of the medical organization that treats the patient. Patients have the right to have their medical issues kept private from people that do not need to know the information. The federal government has created the HIPPA policy to help medical organizations understand and follow rules to protect the privacy of the patients that come to the organizationRead MoreThe Convention Theory And Practice Of Administrative Ethics820 Words   |  4 Pages Thompson asserts that, â€Å"Administrative ethics involves the application of moral principles to the conduct of officials in organizations† (1985, p. 523). In order to ensure an administrator is acting morally, they must seek out the policy which best serves everyone’s interest. Thompson claims however, that in order to ensure administrative ethics we must reject both the ethic of neutrality and the ethic of structure in order for administrative ethics to be remotely possible. According to ThompsonRead MoreAdministrative Ethics1267 Words   |  6 PagesFind a current administrative issue in a newspaper, magazine, or journal article relating to topics such as patient privacy, confidentiality, or HIPAA. Write a 1,050 word paper that includes the following: †¢Describe the issue and its impact on the population it affects most. †¢What arguments or facts are used in the article to support the proposed solution? †¢What are the ethical and legal issues reported for your administrative issue? †¢Explain the managerial responsibilities relatedRead MoreAdministrative Ethics - Paper1008 Words   |  5 PagesAdministrative Ethics Protecting the privacy of patient’s health information is a main concern among health care providers today. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 known as HIPAA was approved by law to safeguard not only patients but also health care workers. However, sometimes people tend to violate these laws unintentionally or sometimes intentionally. According to an article from the Department of Health and Human Service website (2011), HHS imposes a $4.3 millionRead MoreAdministrative Ethics Paper (Hcs-335)1063 Words   |  5 PagesAdministrative Ethics Paper HCS-335 Week 4/ day 7 There are many issues that may arise concerning patient privacy. Years ago it was not a pacific law protecting patient rights and privacy. In august of 1996, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA) were signed into law by President Bill Clinton (Physicians Billing Associates International, 2006). The HIPPA Act includes provisions for: †¢ Health insurance portability †¢ Fraud and abuse control Read MoreAdministrative Ethics Paper Hcs/3351052 Words   |  5 PagesAdministrative Ethics Paper HCS/335 November 5, 2012 Administrative Ethics Paper In today’s world of technology patient’s face an ever challenging issue of protecting their privacy. One of the biggest areas infringing on a patient’s privacy would be the prescription health information that is being released by pharmacists and the way in which that information is used. Information is given to a wide variety of entities and to individuals, which raises enormous concern about the privacy rightsRead MoreA Discussion Of Administrative Law1115 Words   |  5 PagesA Discussion of Administrative Law Related to Title IX Administrative laws are rules and regulations passed by agencies appointed by legislatures. Moreover, administrative laws are used to clarify expansive laws. The Department of Education, Department of Health and Homeland Security and the U.S. Department of Agriculture are federal agencies that pass administrative laws that effect K-12 education. Furthermore, in Texas, the State Board of Education (SBOE) passes rules that become part of theRead MoreNature And Sources Of New Zealand Law Essay1252 Words   |  6 PagesPart One: Nature and sources of New Zealand law Law, Morality/Ethics and societal context There are serval reasons why we need law in today’s society, for instance: To regulate society, as the traffic laws exist that enforce people drive in a safe manner; To protect people, as there are laws about food safety to ensure that the food we buy is safe to eat; And to enforce rights, since the criminals laws prevent or deter people from abuses other people. However, The Constitution The US’s ConstitutionRead MoreDemocratic Morality and the Administrative Law Essay1995 Words   |  8 PagesJohn Rohr views on Democratic Morality and the Administrative Law and how these laws affect the organizations. Democratic Morality deals with the issue that large organizations will have more control or influence on the development of policy. The Administrative law is concern with the legal aspect of the organization and the fairness across the board. The author examines the administrative law of democratic morality between the periods of 1800s and 1900s, with emphasis on the how democratic moralityRead MoreA Leader That Inspired Me1401 Words   |  6 PagesFor twenty five (25) years I worked in city / county management in high level administrative positions such as Assistant City Manager, Interim City Manager, Deputy County Chief Administrative Officer, and County Chief Operating Officer. During that time, I had the opportunity to work with many excellent leaders as well as my fair share of not so excellent leaders. One leader that inspired me, and that I consider it to have been an honor to work for, was Fred Siems. Fred was city manager for the

The Rise Of E Commerce - 1440 Words

1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background In today’s world there is a widespread trend of global expansion, the borders between markets have become more and more diffused. The number of firms expanding abroad is increasing and internationalization has become a necessity, not only to further a firm’s growth, but also to better handle international competition in its home market. This internationalization continues in all industries, not at least in the fashion industry. Fashion is a global phenomenon, it does not matter if you walk the streets of Spain, New York or Beijing anywhere you turn you will see fashion aware people. But this study is focus on fashion industry China’s apparel market is one of the fastest growing markets in the world. The rise of e-commerce and the rise in fast fashion have fueled the fast growth of the market. In terms of store numbers, China is now the most important international market for many major fast fashion brands. It is the largest international market for ZARA and Uniqlo, and the largest international market in Asia for HM and CA. On 1964 the first Hennes store outside Sweden open in Norway, on 1978 the first store outside Scandinavia opens in London, in the UK, on 1990s progress continues in Europe with the opening of the first store in France in 1998.Newspapre and magazine advertising is complemented by outdoor advertising featuring famous models .on 2007 the first Asian stores open in Hong Kong and Shanghai. On 2009 the new store in Beijing ofShow MoreRelatedE Commerce Is On The Rise772 Words   |  4 PagesI agree with your post. I believe that brick and mortar businesses are highly relevant despite the fact that e-commerce is on the rise. I too enjoy shopping online sometime mainly due to my shopping habits and simply out of convenience. Joseph (2016) acknowledges that, E-commerce has the convenience component nailed down. Moreover, that is essentially why people like online shopping, consumers like that they have to exude little effort or difficulty, they simply just have to scroll down a pageRead Mor eThe Rise Of E Commerce2328 Words   |  10 Pages Major Assignment Part 2 Micro Economics BACC107 Name: Question No: 1 The rise of e-commerce means that in today’s business environment, traditional businesses are faced with another level of competition that did not exist before the internet became part of our daily lives (Read page 180 of your text). Using the airline industry in Australia, list some of the factors that are driving an increase in competition between firms in this industry? Bearing in mind these factors, what sortRead MoreE Commerce Is A Process Of Buying Essay956 Words   |  4 PagesFuture of E-Commerce E-commerce is a process of buying, selling, transferring, or exchanging products, services, and/or information via electronic transactions. These business transactions occur either business-to-business, business-to-consumer, consumer-to-consumer or consumer-to-business. E-Commerce is swiftly growing throughout the years with the development in Internet and innovation. The gigantic development of virtual groups - individuals getting together in ad hoc groups online - guaranteesRead MoreFuture Of E Commerce : A Process Of Buying And Selling Of Goods And Services On The Internet938 Words   |  4 PagesFuture of E-Commerce E-commerce is a process of buying and selling of goods and services on the internet through electronic transactions (Bartholome, 2002). These transactions occur either business-to-business, business-to-consumer, consumer-to-consumer or consumer-to-business. E-Commerce is swiftly growing throughout the years with the development in Internet and innovation. The gigantic development of virtual groups - individuals getting together in ad hoc groups online - guarantees to alter theRead MoreAn Analysis of Chinaa E-Commerce Industry1488 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of China’s E-Commerce Industry Introduction A little more than 10 years ago, China’s path to e-commerce leadership would have been difficult to foresee, even as the tech boom in the US and other markets saw the development of e-commerce as an important B2C and C2C channel. In 2000, China had yet to develop any e-commerce applications, and had only 2.1 million total internet users. Payment systems and physical delivery mechanisms to facilitate the development of e-commerce transactions wereRead MoreBackground. Today, People Are Engaging In E-Commerce More1742 Words   |  7 PagesBackground Today, people are engaging in e-commerce more than ever. Traditionally American consumers shopped exclusively in local businesses and specialty mom and pop stores. These stores are essentially smaller, independently owned and operated businesses that have little influence on the market. Small businesses occupy several areas of business including retail, services, wholesaling and manufacturing. The growing acceptance of the Internet and e-commerce in the early 1990’s changed the way peopleRead MoreThe Advantages of Mobile Commerce Essay1326 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is M-commerce? The last decade has witnessed a lot of growth of mobile communication devices and wireless technologies across the globe. This has led to a change in the way many activities are conducted and opened the way for m-commerce, which is e-commerces next evolutionary stage. The significant power of m-commerce is primarily as a result of the ability to connect wireless devices anytime, anywhere (The Future of Mobile Payment Systems : Rise of the Mobile Wallet 2012-2017 [ElectronicRead MoreManaging Of The Digital World826 Words   |  4 Pagescosts. Chapter 4: Enabling Business-to-Consumer Electronic Commerce Chapter 4 focuses on the rise of e-commerce. Without a doubt, the rise of online transactions is one of the greatest changes in the past 20 years. In 2015 alone, United States retail e-commerce accounted for over $341 Billion, a 14.6% from 2014 (Zaroban). E-commerce is expected to continue high growth for the foreseeable future. This growth has given rise to new e-commerce strategies and new challenges for businesses, consumers andRead MoreCase Study : The Inc.979 Words   |  4 Pagesacross the company to boost the volume of products sold on its site, adding features to its Kindle line of e-readers and tablets and beefing up its inventory. The efforts may help Amazon gain share in a worldwide e-commerce market that Scott, Devitt, an analyst at Morgan Stanley, estimated will reach $1 trillion by 2016, up from $512 billion last year†(Kucera). There are more established e-commerce companies currently taking up a large portion of the market, but Amazon has been working on this ma rketRead MoreEssay On E-Commerce Trends734 Words   |  3 Pages2017 e-commerce-trends-in-2017 Finally, 2017 is here, so what exactly your e-commerce growth plans are and what e-commerce trends do you need to stay on top of? Are you planning to expand the product categories, revamping or redesigning your website or going international? Whatever the plans are, keep in mind there are some of the biggest e-commerce trends we are going to expect in 2017. Let’s read on to find out some trendy e-commerce tricks for online merchants to build a user-friendly e-commerce

Ocd Research Paper - 4557 Words

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder OCD stands for obsessive-compulsive disorder. An individual with OCD tends to worry about many different things. On average, one out of fifty adults currently suffer from this disorder, and twice that many have had it at some point in their lives. When worries, doubts, or superstitious beliefs become excessive then a diagnosis of OCD is made. With OCD it is thought that the brain gets stuck on a particular thought or urge and just cant let go. Most often people with OCD describe the symptoms as a case of mental hiccups that wont go away. This causes problems in information processing. OCD was generally thought as untreatable until the arrival of modern medications and cognitive behavior therapy. Most people†¦show more content†¦For example while getting ready for school a child may check his or her books several times to make sure they are all there even to the point where the child is late for school. Once the child is in school they may call to return home and check their books once more. These rituals may also interfere with the completion of homework. This could make a child work late at night to complete an assignment that could have taken ten minutes to complete. Repeating compulsions are rituals in which some one repeats a certain action over and over again. These rituals can in some cases be anxiety driven and in other cases have to be done just so. For instance a person might walk backward and forward or get up and down from a chair many times until the ritual is performed just right. These rituals are also connected with counting rituals. In children the rituals can assume many forms in the classroom. This could lead to many repeated questions because the child may need to remember or know something. On written assignments the student could endlessly cross out, trace, or rewrite letters or words. Lockers can also cause a problem because the combination may need to be repeated several times till it feels right. Note taking is most likely impossible because the student is compelled to take every word down. Computer scored tests are a nightmare because the student has to fill in the circles perfectly. Uncomfortable feelings such as fear, disgust, doubt,Show MoreRelatedObsessive Compulsive Disorder ( Ocd )1224 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract This paper will distill information from the four articles provided to provide a more thorough understanding of the effects Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, otherwise known as OCD, has on an individual. The paper will explain and interpret the link between obsession and compulsion that is characteristic of being diagnosed with OCD. In addition, this paper will describe the impact having this disorder can have on an individual in their day to day lives. This paper will clearly articulate exactlyRead MoreTherefore, Continuing A Solid Support System Melvin Should1091 Words   |  5 Pagesprogression in his prognosis of OCD, but can further his positive prognosis with proper therapy, medicine, and a support system. Therapy The proper therapeutic approach regarding Mr. Udall would consist of a combination of exposure and response prevention (ERP) based behavior therapy (BT) and pharmacotherapy consisting of serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRI). â€Å"Currently, behavior therapy that focuses on exposure and response prevention is the psychological treatment of choice of OCD† (Olatunji, RosenfieldRead MoreObsessive Compulsive Disorder ( Ocd )905 Words   |  4 Pages I decided to write my paper on Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) in children. OCD is a type of anxiety disorder where people feel the need to check things repeatedly. Kids with OCD become preoccupied with whether something could be harmful, dangerous, wrong, or dirty — or with thoughts that unpleasant stuff could happen. It can cause severe anxiety in those affected. Kids with OCD also might worry about things not being in order or just right. TheyRead MorePsychological Disorders115 4 Words   |  5 PagesPsychological Disorder July, 20, 2011 Psychological Disorder Paper Psychological disorders are stated to be abnormalities of the mind, known as mental disorders (Klasco, 2011). Abnormalities of the mind cause persistent behaviors that affect an individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s daily function and life (Klasco, 2011). The different types of psychological disorders include mood disorders, personality disorders, anxiety disorders, and eating disorders (Klasco, 2011). The causes of these disorders are unknown, butRead MoreObsessive Compulsive Disorder ( Ocd )1321 Words   |  6 Pagesother compulsive disorders. Obsessive-Compulsive disorder, also known as OCD, is a condition â€Å"marked by persistent, uncontrollable intrusions of unwanted thoughts or obsessions and urges to engage in senseless rituals called compulsions† (Weiten, 2015). Some examples of these obsessions or urges include persistent hand washing, counting, and extensive checking such as if doors are locked or ovens are turned off. In OCD some of the actions performed by those who suffer from the disorder becomeRead MoreIntroduction. For This Research Assignment, The Selected1387 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction For this research assignment, the selected movie was As Good as It Gets. The author of this paper will provide an examination of the abnormalities of Jack Nicholson’s character Melvin Udall. The purpose of this paper is to investigate to the extent of which Melvin’s abnormalities correlate to the DSM-5 description of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Further evaluation includes discussing the portrayal, etiology, prognosis, and proper therapeutic approaches for the OCD symptoms exhibitedRead MoreObsessive Compulsive Disorder ( Ocd ) Essay1501 Words   |  7 Pages Abstract This paper explores Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) in depth. OCD will be defined extensively as well as how it begins, who it affects, the studies being done for it, and current cures for the unfortunate mental disorder. Biological, psychological, and environmental factors as well as genetic influences play a relatively large role in the onset of OCD. It affects millions of people throughout the United States. Research being done by Yale University’s OCD Research Clinic as well asRead MoreAfter Diagnosis, Parental Action, And Acceptance By The927 Words   |  4 Pagesbegin.one get treatment. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is the most efficient treatment for OCD. Cognitive behavioral therapy teaches a child different way to behave. There is scientific evidence that this form of therapy causes chemical reactions in the brain. A person who uses this therapy will undergo chemical changes in the brain and feel relief from their symptoms of OCD (Schwartz 1996). A child with OCD needs to understand that they get recurring thoughts and need to learn how to stop it. CognitiveRead MoreEmily Clunan. Mrs. Bell. Annotated Bibliography. General951 Words   |  4 PagesEmily Clunan Mrs. Bell Annotated Bibliography General Psychology/ Spring 2017 3 April, 2017 Obsessive Compulsive Disorder For this paper I have chosen obsessive compulsive disorder. According to psychologytoday.com, (2017), â€Å"Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder in which people have unwanted and repeated thoughts, feelings, images, and sensations (obsessions) and engage in behaviors or mental acts in response to these thoughts or obsessions.† This topic is one that I find veryRead More The Diagnosis and Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder1281 Words   |  6 Pagesto consider in the evaluation and treatment of Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This paper will discuss the strategies that have proven most effective in treating the disorder, including: drug therapy, cognitive therapy, and family-based therapy. It will focus on the benefits of flexibility, emphasizing combination therapy, especially with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has become an increasingly familiar disorder within the world of health and

Major Literary Genres During the English Commonwealth Free Essays

Major Literary Genres Poetry During this time poets contrasted the personal and the public life. (Penguin, 57) Satire became an important kind of poetry; it looks wittily at the manners and behaviour of society, and very often uses real people and situations to make its humorous point. (Penguin, 63) Drama Restoration Drama: The theatre of the Restoration was quite different from Shakespeare’s theatre, with the audience now largely upper class. We will write a custom essay sample on Major Literary Genres During the English Commonwealth or any similar topic only for you Order Now There were only two licensed, or â€Å"patent†, theatres – the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, and Duke’s House at Lincoln’s Inn, which moved to the Covent Garden Theatre in 1732. Actresses could now perform on stage, the first being a Mrs Coleman, in a private performance of Sir William D’Avenant’s The Siege of Rhodes in 1656, when theatre performances were still officially suppressed. (Routledge, 139) Tragedy and Serious Drama Both Dryden and his rival Shadwell wrote new versions of the plays of Shakespeare. The new middle-class audiences could not accept much of Shakespeare’s violence and the tragic endings to some of his plays. So King Lear, for example, was severely rewritten to give it a happy ending, and Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus was rewritten in the 1690s as a farce. The main tragic form of the Restoration was heroic tragedy. (Penguin, 73) The more worrying of Shakespeare’s excesses had to be trimmed to find acceptance in Restoration society. With harmony restored, and family virtues upheld, Shakespeare’s most probing and tragic examination of man’s inhumanity to man becomes a moral and reassuring tract. (Routledge, 140) At this time there were many theories about realism, how to show reality on stage, and the role of theatre. But pressure was growing to limit what theatre could say: it was not only a danger to public morals, but it also became too controversial politically. Penguin, 74) Comedy: It is, however, for comedy that Restoration drama is better known. It was called â€Å"the comedy of manners† because it mirrored directly the manners, modes, and morals of the upper-class society which was its main attraction, sexual intrigue, and sexual conquest. Sex, and the search for sex, becomes entertainment. (Routledge, 142) The new comedy – of values and appetites – lacks any of the philosophical concerns found, for example, in Shakespeare’s earlier comedies, such as Love’s Labour’s Lost, or in Ben Jonson’s â€Å"humours†. Routledge, 142) The characters are obsessed with fashion, gossip and their own circle in society. Strong contrasts are made between innocence and knowingness; often these are represented as contrasts between rustic country manners and the refinements of the city. In Restoration comedy, women are such types as predatory young widows, or older ladies still trying to be attractive to young men. The best comedies reflect an amoral and frivolous society. They could be comedies of action, such as Aphra Behn’s The Rover (1677-81), or comedies of character and chatter, such as George Etherege’s The Man of Mode. (Routledge, 142) The age reflects a wide variety of opinions and critical discussions on the nature of comedy, of tragedy, of character and plot, of representation and verisimilitude, with the result that the extensive and very rich theatrical repertoire of the time cannot be easily classified: it is second only to the Elizabethan and Jacobean period in its diversity and range. Routledge, 142) After the Restoration, drama and the theatre were quite different from what they had been during the Renaissance. The audience was at first upper class or upper-middle class. The plays of the time reflect the manners and morals of the men and women who had returned with the King from France – so Restoration comedy is often called the Comedy of Manners. (Penguin, 67) Dryden wrote several such comedies, but the most famou s comedies were written by George Etherege, William Wycherley and William Congreve. Penguin, 67) The main subject of these plays was love, but there were new concerns, developed from the earlier city comedy: older man or women looking for younger lovers, upper-class manners contrasting with middle-class values, and country life contrasting with city life. Sex was a major subject, and the plays became more and more obvious in their comic treatment of sexual themes. (Penguin, 67) As the century came to an end there were more and more objections to the kind of morals seen in Restoration comedy. (Penguin, 69) Between 1707 and 1737, drama went into critical decline although the theatre was still very active and popular. The decline was partly due to opposition from Jeremy Collier and others, and partly because the middle classes were turning to journals, newspapers and the developing new genre of fictional prose to find discussion, entertainment and reinforcement of their values and beliefs. (Routledge, 149) Comic point -of-view in drama and satiric intent in verse are closely related in their observation of the new society of the late seventeenth century. (Routledge, 151) Instead of expanding, as it did so rapidly in the previous two centuries, the world was becoming more closed, contained and inward-looking. So the comedy and satire become self- referential, with the subject matter often being highly topical and the characters particular rather than universal. (Routledge, 152) Restoration satire could be of two types: the kind of very general, sweeping criticism of mankind found in poetry in A Satire against Reason and Mankind by Rochester, and in prose in Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels or A Modest Proposal; or it could be highly specific, with allusions to real figures in politics and society. (Routledge, 152) Diaries Writers in the late seventeenth century were more ready to assume that personal experience may be of general interest. Like biographies, diaries became a form of literature. Some were consciously written as a record of the times. (Past into Present, 83) The growth of the writing profession coincided with a rise in writing which was private and not intended for publication. Diaries and letters were, for the new literate middle class, forms of expression which enjoyed increasingly wider currency. (Routledge, 163) Biographies Although biographies had been written in Latin in the Middle Ages to glorify the lives of the saints and to justify secular rulers, it was not until the Renaissance, with its emphasis on the human, that biography in England became more detailed, more anecdotal and more prepared to be critical. In 1579, Sir Thomas North’s translation of Plutarch’s Parallel Lives (first century AD) was published. It contained the biographies of the great men of Greece and Rome, illustrating their moral character through a series of anecdotes. Not only did it serve as a source book for Shakespeare’s Roman plays, it later encouraged, in the seventeenth century the biographer to see himself as an artist. In the eighteenth century, with the growth of a scientific and historical interest in many kinds of people, biographies were to become common and influence the development of the novel. In 1662, two years after the end of the Civil War and the Restoration of the monarchy, the Royal Society of London was founded to explore the whole field of natural knowledge. From a philosophical base (notably expressed by Francis Bacon in 1605) the scientific spirit developed rapidly. One consequence of this was that the virtue of intellectual lucidity in the writing of prose was encouraged, and the passionate, complex prose of the beginning of the century began to disappear. Styles became plainer and more urbane, and attitudes were tolerant. (Past into Present, 64) ——————————————– [ 2 ]. He published a pamphlet called â€Å"A Short View of the Profaneness and Immorality of the English Stage† in 1698. How to cite Major Literary Genres During the English Commonwealth, Essay examples

The Future of Nursing free essay sample

The Future of Nursing Ami Randall July 24, 2010 Upon considering the past and future of nursing, many changes have already taken place, and even larger changes are expected. With the recent rate of technological development, the heath care system is certain to follow in its advances at nearly the same pace. Many predictions for the future of medicine are based on computerized technology. The use of telemonitoring, video and â€Å"smart houses† are already being used by some companies today, and will be utilized more frequently in the future. This will enable one nurse to care for many more patients than he/she is capable of safely caring for currently. This is very important due to the baby-boomer generation growing older and the realization that there just are not going to be enough nurses to care for all of the elderly patients at a ratio of five patients to one nurse. These patients will need to be cared for in their homes, or new â€Å"smart homes†, because there simply will not be enough room in long term care (LTC) facilities or hospitals, nor will there be enough nurses, to allow for hands on nursing care around the clock. We will write a custom essay sample on The Future of Nursing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These advances will also help to bring down the cost of healthcare/nursing care, and allow personalized nursing care for only the most acutely ill patients. This is unfortunate however, for our patients. There is nothing computerized that can take the place of the gentle touch of a nurse during times of illness, anxiety or sadness. The power of human touch is very therapeutic. Health care in the year 2035 will look much different than present times. Technological advances have given health care, medical research and the science of nursing enormous opportunities for advancement in development, in comparison to previous times. Computer programs are able to study, and therefore predict the behaviors of different cohorts of people, and in the future, these programs will gather information and have the ability to predict the behaviors of bacteria’s, viruses, and different diseases. This information will be gathered and transmitted to a global healthcare network by personal embedded computer companions. These personal companions are able to monitor every human reaction to physical and emotional stimuli, as well as, how a specific disease process is affecting the different systems of the body, and how medications are systemically treating any disease process. This system will detect disease processes much earlier than is capable at the present time. This information is then transmitted to this global health care network, as previously mentioned, and the data used to better understand disease processes and help to find cures for these diseases. The human genome has also been decoded by computers, for the cost of around one-hundred dollars. With this technology, medical professionals can better understand why some people, and who these people are specifically, are more susceptible to different types of cancer, heart disease, diabetes and so on. These chronic conditions and diseases will be cured and prevented and the larger problem will be mutating viruses and â€Å"super bugs†, for which pharmaceutical companies have put very little effort into developing curative or nonresistant medications.

Frog and the Nightingale free essay sample

The book is widely regarded as a classic in India since its first publication in 1946, and provides a broad view of Indian history, philosophy and culture, as viewed from the eyes of a liberal Indian fighting for the independence of his country. In The Discovery of India, Nehru argued that India was a historic nation with a right to sovereignty. (Calhoun, Craig, Nations Matter: Culture, History and the Cosmopolitan Dream, Routledge. In this book, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru tries to study the history of India starting from the Indus Valley Civilization, and then covers the countrys history from the arrival of the Aryans to government under the British Empire. He says that India in the past was country which lived in harmony and peace, but the entry of society evils had a very bad effect on people. The effect of these various people on Indian culture and their incorporation into Indian society is examined. This book also analyses in depth the philosophy of Indian life. This book was dedicated to the Prisoners of Ahmednagar jail. The book became the basis of the 53-episode Indian television series Bharat Ki Khoj, first broadcast in 1988. PREFACE OF THE BOOK BY JAWAHARLAL NEHRU:- This book was written by Jawaharlal Nehru in Ahmadnagar Fort prison during the five months, April to September 1944. Some of his colleagues in prison were good enough to read the manuscript and make a number of valuable suggestions. On revising the book in prison he took advantage of these suggestions and made some additions. No one, he need hardly add, is responsible for what he has written or necessarily agrees with it. But he expresses my deep gratitude to his fellow-prisoners in Ahmadnagar Fort for the innumerable talks and discussions they had, which helped him greatly to clear his own mind about various aspects of Indian history and culture. Prison is not a pleasant place to live in even for a short period, much less for long years. But it was a privilege for me to live in close contact with men of outstanding ability and culture and a wide human outlook which even the passions of the moment did not obscure. His eleven companions in Ahmadnagar Fort were an interesting cross-section of India and represented in their several ways not only politics but Indian scholarship, old and new, and various aspects of present-day India. Nearly all the principal living Indian languages, as well as the classical languages which have powerfully influenced India in the past and present, were represented and the standard was often that of high scholarship. Among the classical languages were Sanskrit and Pali, Arabic and Persian; the modern languages were Hindi, Urdu, Bengali, Gujarati, Marathi, Telugu, Sindhi and Oriya. Jawaharlal Nehru had all this wealth to draw upon and the only limitation was his own capacity to profit by it. Though he was grateful to all his companions, he specially mentioned a few names;Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, whose vast erudition invariably delighted me but sometimes also rather overwhelmed me, Govind Ballabh Pant, Narendra Deva and M. Asaf Ali. The book remains as written in prison with no additions or changes, except for the postscript at the end. He doesnt know how other authors feel about their writings, but always he had a strange sensation when he read something that he had written some time previously. That sensation is heightened when the writing had been done in the close and abnormal atmosphere of prison and the subsequent reading has taken place outside. He could recognize it of course, but not wholly; it seems almost that he was reading some familiar piece written by another, who was near to him and yet who was different. Perhaps that is the measure of the change that had taken place in Jawaharlal Nehru So he has felt about this book also. It is his and not wholly his, as he is constituted today; it represents rather some past self of his which has already joined that long succession of other selves that existed for a while and faded away, leaving only a memory behind . Life in the Jail During his stay in the jail as a prisoner, he talked about the ruins that were there but were covered up by soil or have collapsed. He talks about a courageous, beautiful lady, named Chandbibi, who fought against akbar to protect the fort(where he was staying as prisoner). But at the end she was killed by her own army man. He asks himself that what is his ancestral gift? he discovers that, India is his ancestral gift. It is in his blood. he is the ancesteor of victories and defeats of the past kings, brave works of human from the earliest past to now. He is the heir of all these. A few of his chapters which tell about Jawaharlal Nehru’s life in prison and the various changes in India Time in Prison : The Urge to Action Time seems to change its nature in prison. The present hardly exists, for there is an absence of feeling and sensation which might separate it from the dead past. Even news of the active, living and dying world outside has a certain dream-like un-reality, an immobility and an unchangeableness as of the past. The outer objective time ceases to be, the inner and subjective sense remains, but at a lower level, except when thought pulls it out of the present and experiences a kind of reality in the past or in the future. We live, as Auguste Comte said, dead mens lives, encased in our pasts, but this is especially so in prison where we try to find some sustenance for our starved and locked-up emotions in memory of the past or fancies of the future. There is a stillness and everlastingness about the past; it changes not and has a touch of eternity, like a painted picture or a statue in bronze or marble. Unaffected by the storms and upheavals of the present, it maintains its dignity and repose and tempts the troubled spirit and the tortured mind to seek shelter in its vaulted catacombs. There is peace there and security, and one may even sense a spiritual quality. But it is not life, unless we can find the vital links between it and the present with all its conflicts and problems. It is a kind of art for arts sake, without the passion and the urge to action which are the very stuff of life. Without that passion and urge, there is a gradual oozing out of hope and vitality, a settling down on lower levels of existence, a slow merging into non-existence. We become prisoners of the past and some part of its immobility sticks to us. This passage of the mind is all the easier in prison where action is denied and we become slaves to the routine of jail-life. Yet the past is ever with us and all that we are and that we have comes from the past. We are its products and we live im-mersed in it. Not to understand it and feel it as something living within us is not to understand the present. To combine it with the present and extend it to the future, to break from it where it cannot be so united, to make of all this the pulsating and vibrat-ing material for thought and action—that is life. Any vital action springs from the depths of the being. All the long past of the individual and even of the race has prepared the background for that psychological moment of action. All the racial memories, influences of heredity and environment and training, subconscious urges, thoughts and dreams and actions from infancy and childhood onwards, in their curious and tremendous mix-up, inevitably drive to that new action, which again becomes yet another factor influencing the future. Influencing the future, partly determining it, possibly even largely determining it, and yet, surely, it is not all determinism. Whether there is any such thing as human freedom in the philosophic sense or whether there is only an automatic deter-minism, I do not know. A very great deal appears certainly to be determined by the past complex of events which bear down and often overwhelm the individual. Possibly even the inner urge that he experiences, that apparent exercise of free will, is itself conditioned. As Schopenhauer says, a man can do what he will, but not will as he will. A belief in an absolute deter-minism seems to me to lead inevitably to complete inaction, to death in life. All my sense of life rebels against it, though of course that very rebellion may itself have been conditioned by previous events Lifes Philosophy:- The ideals and objectives of yesterday were still the ideals of to-day, but they had lost some of their lustre and, even as one seemed to go towards them, they lost the shining beauty which had warmed the heart and vitalized the body. Evil triumphed often enough, but what was far worse was the coarsening and distortion of what had seemed so right. Was human nature so essentially bad that it would take ages of training, through suffering and misfortune, before it could behave reasonably and raise man above that creature of lust and violence and deceit that he now was? And, meanwhile, was every effort to change it radically in the present or the near future doomed to failure? Ends and means: were they tied up inseparably, acting and reacting on each other, the wrong means distorting and some-times even destroying the end in view? But the right means might well be beyond the capacity of infirm and selfish human nature. What then was one to do? Not to act was a complete con-fession of failure and a submission to evil; to act meant often enough a compromise with some form of that evil, with all the untoward consequences that such compromises result in. Science does not tell us much, or for the matter of that any-thing about the purpose of life. It is now widening its boun-daries and it may invade the so-called invisible world before long and help us to understand this purpose of life in its widest sense, or at least give us some glimpses which illumine the pro-blem of human existence. The old controversy between science and religion takes a new form—the application of the scientific method to emotional and religious experiences. Some vague or more precise philosophy of life we all have, though most of us accept unthinkingly the general attitude which is characteristic of our generation and environment. Most of us accept also certain metaphysical conceptions as part of the faith in which we have grown up. How amazing is this spirit of man! In spite of innumerable failings, man, throughout the ages, has sacrificed his life and all he held dear for an ideal, for truth, for faith, for country and honour. That ideal may change, but that capacity for self-sacrifice continues, and, because of that, much may be forgiven to man, and it is impossible to lose hope for him. In the midst of disaster, he has not lost his dignity or his faith in the values he cherished. Plaything of natures mighty forces, less than a speck of dust in this vast universe, he has hurled defiance at the elemental powers, and with his mind, cradle of revolution, sought to master them. Whatever gods there be, there is something godlike in man, as there is also something of the devil in him. The future is dark, uncertain. But we can see part of the way leading to it and can tread it with firm steps, remembering that nothing that can happen is likely to overcome the spirit of man which has survived so many perils; remembering also that life, for all its ills, has joy and beauty, and that we can always wander; if we know how to, in the enchanted woods of nature. Indias Strength and Weaknesses:- The search for the sources of Indias strength and for her deterioration and decay is long and intricate. Yet the recent causes of that decay are obvious enough. She fell behind in the march of technique, and Europe, which had long been backward in many matters, took the lead in technical progress. Behind this technical progress was the spirit of science and a bubling life and spirit which displayed itself in many activities and in ad-venturous voyages of discovery. New techniques gave military strength to the countries of western Europe, and it was easy for them to spread out and dominate the East. That is the story not only of India, but of almost the whole of Asia. Why this should have happened so is more difficult to unravel, for India was not lacking in mental alertness and technical skill in earlier times. One senses a progressive deterioration during centuries. The urge to life and endeavour becomes less, the crea-tive spirit fades away and gives place to the imitative. Where triumphant and rebellious thought had tried to pierce the my-steries of nature and the universe, the wordy commentator comes with his glosses and long explanations. Magnificent art and sculpture give way to meticulous carving of intricate detail without nobility of conception or design. The vigour and rich-ness of language, powerful yet simple, are followed by highly ornate and complex literary forms. The urge to adventure and the overflowing life which led to vast schemes of distant coloni-zation and the transplantation of Indian culture in far lands: all these fade away and a narrow orthodoxy taboos even the crossing of the high seas. A rational spirit of inquiry, so evident in earlier times, which might well have led to the further growth of science, is replaced by irrationalism and a blind idolatory of the past. Indian life becomes a sluggish stream, living in the past, moving slowly through the accumulations of dead centuries. The heavy burden of the past crushes it and a kind of coma seizes it. It is not surprising that in this condition of mental stupor and physical weariness India should have deteriorated and remained rigid and immobile, while other parts of the world marched ahead. Every people and every nation has some such belief or myth of national destiny and perhaps it is partly true in each case. Being an Indian I am myself influenced by this reality or myth about India, and I feel that anything that had the power to mould hundreds of generations, without a break, must have drawn its enduring vitality from some deep well of strength, and have had the capacity to renew that vitality from age to age. No people, no races remain unchanged. Continually they are mixing with others and slowly changing; they may appear to die almost and then rise again as a new people or just a variation of the old. There may be a definite break between the old people and the new, or vital links of thought and ideals may join them. History has numerous instances of old and well-established civilizations fading away or being ended suddenly, and vigor-ous new cultures taking their place. Is it some vital energy, sonic inner source of strength that gives life to a civilization or a people, without which all effort is ineffective, like the vain attempt of an aged person to plav the part of a youth? Behind the past quarter of a centurys struggle for Indias independence and all our conflicts with British authority, lay in my mind, and that of many others, the desire to revitalize India. We felt that through action and self-imposed suffering and sacri-fice, through voluntarily facing risk and danger, through refusal to submit to what we considered evil and wrong, would we re-charge the battery of Indias spirit and waken her from her long slumber. Though we came into conflict continually with the British Government in India, our eyes were always turned towards our own people. Political advantage had value only in so far as it helped in that fundamental purpose of ours. Because of this govern-ing motive, frequently we acted as no politician, moving in the narrow sphere of politics only, would have done, and foreign and Indian critics expressed surprise at the folly and intransigence of our ways. Whether we were foolish or not, the historians of the future will judge. We aimed high and looked far. Probably we were often foolish, from the point of view of opportunist politics, but at no time did we forget that our main purpose was to raise the whole level of the Indian people, psychologically and spiritually and also, of course, politically and economically. It was the building up of that real inner strength of the people that we were after, knowing that the rest would inevitably follow. We had to wipe out some generations of shameful subservience and timid submission to an arrogant alien authority. Epilogue of the book:- Jawaharlal Nehru has covered a thousand hand-written pages with a jumble of ideas in his mind. He travelled in the past and peeped into the future and sometimes tried to balance himself on that point of intersection of the timeless with time. His life has been full of happenings in the world and the war has advanced rapidly towards a triumphant conclusion,so far as military victories go. In his own country also much has happened of which he could be only a distant spectator, and waves of unhappiness have sometimes temporarily swept over me and passed on. Because of this business of thinking and trying to give some expression to his thoughts, he has drawn myself away from the piercing edge of the present and moved along the wider expanses of the past and the future. The discovery of India—what had he discovered? It was presumptuous of him to imagine that he could unveil India and find out what India is to-day and what it was in the long past. To-day India is four hundred million separate individual men and women, each differing from the other, each living in a private universe of though and feeling. If this is so in the present, how much more difficult is it to grasp that multitudinous past of innumerable successions of human beings. Yet something has bound them together and binds them still. India is a geographical and economic entity, a cultural unity amidst diversity, a bundle of contradictions held together by strong but invisible threads.